What is an adjective?
An adjective is a word which qualifies a noun. Below are some adjectives:
Adjectives (alone)
Placement & Agreement
Unlike in English, an adjective comes after the noun it qualifies. They both agree in gender, number, and definiteness, i.e, they are both either definite or indefinite. They also agree in declension (final vowel; this will be explained later). Now let us use each adjective above to qualify a noun.
Adjectives (with the nouns they qualify)
Note the repetition of the definite article
NOTE
The adjective always comes after the noun, and they both share the same vowel on their last letter.
The nouns in the above examples are all indefinite (and so are the adjectives). To render the nouns definite, the definite article is added to them, and since an adjective must be definite or indefinite just like its noun, the definite article is added to the adjectives as well. See below:
Adjectives (which qualify definite nouns)
Summary
An adjective is a word which qualifies a noun. Below are some adjectives:
Adjectives (alone)
Placement & Agreement
Unlike in English, an adjective comes after the noun it qualifies. They both agree in gender, number, and definiteness, i.e, they are both either definite or indefinite. They also agree in declension (final vowel; this will be explained later). Now let us use each adjective above to qualify a noun.
Adjectives (with the nouns they qualify)
Note the repetition of the definite article
NOTE
The adjective always comes after the noun, and they both share the same vowel on their last letter.
The nouns in the above examples are all indefinite (and so are the adjectives). To render the nouns definite, the definite article is added to them, and since an adjective must be definite or indefinite just like its noun, the definite article is added to the adjectives as well. See below:
Adjectives (which qualify definite nouns)
Summary
An Adjective: comes after the noun it qualifies
agrees with the noun in gender and number
is definite only if the noun is definite
ends with the same vowel as the noun
agrees with the noun in gender and number
is definite only if the noun is definite
ends with the same vowel as the noun
Vocabulary
Exercise
Try to qualify each noun you learnt with an adjective from above. Pay close attention to (in)definiteness of both the noun and the adjective.
| English | Arabic |
|---|---|
| hardworking | مُجْتَهِـدٌ |
| old/big | كـَبـِيْرٌ |
| ancient | قـَدِيْمٌ |
| clean | نَظِيْفٌ |
| dirty | وَسِخٌ |
Exercise
Try to qualify each noun you learnt with an adjective from above. Pay close attention to (in)definiteness of both the noun and the adjective.
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